Sunday, May 27, 2018

Chemotherapy and Its Side Effects: Chapter 2 - Alkylating Agents (Cont'd)

A.1. Nitrogen mustards

One of the first alkylating agents was nitrogen mustard, NH2 (Fig. 1.1). Nitrogen mustards are alkylating agents but are not specific in their binding site. The utility of nitrogen mustards is limited because they are very reactive and consequently very short lived.

Because of its excessive toxicity, the original nitrogen mustard, NH2, is not often used nowadays. Instead, some of its analogs or derivatives, such as cyclophosphamide, are being used.



© Jiajiu Shaw, 2018

Disclaimer: This blog is written solely for informational purposes. It does not constitute the practice of any medical, nursing or other medical professional health care advice, diagnosis, or treatment. All contents posted are extracted from the book, "SIDE EFFECTS OF CHEMOTHERAPY AND RADIOTHERAPY", prepared by Dr. Jiajiu Shaw, Dr. Frederick Valeriote, and Dr. Ben Chen. 

Saturday, May 5, 2018

Chemotherapy and Its Side Effects: Chapter 2 - Alkylating Agents

Chapter 2

Anticancer Drugs - A. Alkylating Agents


A classical alkylating agent works by attaching an alkyl group or a small molecule to hinder/stop the replication of DNA in cancer cells. Classic alkylating agents include nitrogen mustard, and cyclophosphamide. Platinum drugs are a different type of alkylating agent. Instead of directly attaching an alkyl group onto DNA, a platinum drug forms coordination bonds with DNA and hampers the replication of DNA. Some examples of alkylating agents are described below.



© Jiajiu Shaw, 2018

Disclaimer: This blog is written solely for informational purposes. It does not constitute the practice of any medical, nursing or other medical professional health care advice, diagnosis, or treatment. All contents posted are extracted from the book, "SIDE EFFECTS OF CHEMOTHERAPY AND RADIOTHERAPY", prepared by Dr. Jiajiu Shaw, Dr. Frederick Valeriote, and Dr. Ben Chen.